 CBM EMULATION FAQ - (Version 2.20 02 Mar 95)
  =================

  This FAQ is usually posted twice a month on the 4th and 19th of the month
  to comp.emulators.cbm.  Since comp.emulators.cbm was set up to remove the
  emulator discussion from comp.sys.cbm, this FAQ will not be posted to
  comp.sys.cbm.

  Lines preceeded by a '+' have been added or modified since the last version
  was posted.

+ This FAQ is in four parts due to its size.
+ Part 1 is general information and a list of available emulators.
+ Part 2 is questions and answers.
+ Part 3 is essentially data.
+ Part 4 is basically reviews of various emulators.

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

   8. Credits.
   -----------

  If anyone has a better description for any of these emulators then send me a
  copy, also if you know of any other emulators or ftp sites then send me them
  as well so that I can update the information.
  Is any one out there thinking of making an emulator for a machine other than
  a C64. (eg C128, VIC20, Plus4, C16, PET) I will add this to the list also.

  Thanks to: 
             All the emulator authors
              - For writing your emulator.
+            All the utility authors
+             - For writing your utility.
             ftp.funet.fi : ftp site
              - For having a large selection of emulators available.
             watson.mbb.sfu.ca : ftp site
              - For having a large selection of emulators available.
+            frodo.hiof.no: ftp site
+             - For mirroring watson and taking some of the load.
             Jim Sloan : jsloan@u.washington.edu
              - For posting the rom extraction routines on comp.sys.cbm.
             Jouko Valta : jopi@stekt.oulu.fi
              - For sending me some documentation on the ATARI-ST emulator,
                the rom extraction routines, and comments.
              - For "5. Emulator File Formats" section.
              - For sending me the updated Kernal ROM section.
+             - For sending me the regualr updates.
             Jim Brain : brain@msen.com
              - For his comments & questions on version number.
             Jens-Uwe Rumstich : rumstich@informatik.hu-berlin.de
              - For pointing out some German ftp sites & c64alive emu.
             Eli Mackenzie : eli.mackenzie@fleming.edu
              - For noticing some mistyped words and additions for 2.6.
             Fredrik Ekman : D91FE@rby.hk-r.se
              - For info on Pet emulators
             Eric Brown : brown@sme.siemens.com
              - For info on Pet emulators
             Caronni : caronni@tik.ethz.ch
              - For SX-64 rom information.
             Per Olofsson : cl3polof@cling.gu.se
              - For info on A64 emulator.
             Marko Samuli Makela : Marko.Makela@hut.fi
              - For PET 64 aka 4064 aka Educator 64 kernel rom differences
              - For writing the C64 Kernal ROM revision section.
             Wolfgang Lorenz
+             - For the program and description of emulator detection.
+             - For answering so many questions.
             Paul David Doherty (h0142kdd@fx2800.rz.hu-berlin.de)
              - For posting the detection program and suggestions for standard
                file formats for the emulators.
             Guntram Blohm (blohm@mathematik.uni-ulm.de)
              - For description of the P00 file format and converting it.
             Kevin Brisley (kbrisley@tsegw.tse.com)
              - For description of the T64 file format and converting it.
+            Michael Schwendt (3schwend@informatik.uni-hamburg.de)
+             - For the excellant new intro to SID emulators.
  And extra special thanks to:
             Peter Weighill - stuce@csv.warwick.ac.uk
              - For all the hard work he put into getting this FAQ going.
              - For all the hard work he puts in to providing updates to the
                information presented here.  :)


  9. Data.

  9.1 C64 KERNAL ROM versions.
+ 9.2 C128 BASIC ROM versions.

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------

  9. Data.

   9.1 Commodore 64 KERNAL ROM versions.

  Below is information on differences between the Commodore 64
  KERNAL revisions R1, R2, R3 and the Commodore SX-64 and the
  Commodore 4064 ROMs.  The chronological order must be R1, R2, 4064,
  R3 and SX-64.

  The KERNAL ROM R1 was obviously used only in early NTSC systems.
  It lacks the PAL/NTSC detection, and always uses white color while
  clearing the screen.  The white color feature is from the VIC-20
  ROM, but the VIC had a white background by default.  Thus, this
  feature can be listed as a bug.  The CIA 1 timer A will always
  divide the system clock through $411C == 16668.  The other ROMs use
  the values $4026 an $4296, depending on the system version
  (PAL/NTSC), so their interrupt frequency is 985248 Hz / 16422 ==
  59.996 Hz or 1022727 Hz / 17046 == 59.998 Hz.  Note that both
  clock divisor values differ from the value used in the KERNAL R1.

  The PAL/NTSC flag ($2A6) affects the RS-232 timer settings as well.
  It seems that the new RS-232 tables for the PAL have been created on
  the upper BASIC interpreter area ($E000--$E4FF), from the address
  $E4EC on. Surprisingly also the original NTSC tables have been
  changed.  Very probably the units running the KERNAL R1 had a slower
  clock frequency.  Extrapolating from the interrupt timer values,
  they ran at 1.0000 MHz.  Now this makes sense, since the first
  (NTSC) video chips had 262 lines per frame and 64 cycles per line.
  The frame rate was thus 1 MHz / 262 / 64 == 59.637 Hz.  The newer
  NTSC units run at 1022727 Hz and draw 263 lines per frame and use 65
  cycles per line.  This produces a frame rate of 59.826 Hz.  Well,
  now it is very obvious that there has been at least one mother board
  type that has only been used on NTSC units.  Probably the processor
  clock was created from a 8 MHz chrystal frequency, which served as
  the dot clock.  The latter NTSC units generate the processor clock
  by dividing the chrystal frequency of 14318181 Hz by 14, and the dot
  clock will be generated by octacoupling the processor clock.

  The PAL systems have been developed later, and they always run at
  the same clock frequency, 17734472 Hz / 18.  The frame rate has
  always been 17734472 Hz / 312 / 63 == 50.125 Hz on those puppies.

  The changes in the latter ROM revisions were mainly cosmetical.
  There were some bugs corrected in the R3 revision, though.

  Format for list:

  Address: 901227-01 (Commodore 64 KERNAL R1, $FF80 content $AA)
           901227-02 (Commodore 64 KERNAL R2, $FF80 content $00)
           901227-03 (Commodore 64 KERNAL R3, $FF80 content $03)
           ??????-?? (SX-64 or DX-64 KERNAL, $FF80 content $43)
           ??????-?? (4064 aka PET 64 aka Educator 64, $FF80 content $64)
 
  E119:  C9 FF
         AD E4 
         AD E4 
         AD E4 
         AD E4

  E42D:  20 1E AB
         20 1E AB
         20 1E AB
         20 1E AB
         4C 41 E4

  E477:  20 20 2A 2A 2A 2A 20 43 4F 4D 4D 4F 44 4F 52 45 20 36 34 20 42 41
         20 20 2A 2A 2A 2A 20 43 4F 4D 4D 4F 44 4F 52 45 20 36 34 20 42 41
         20 20 2A 2A 2A 2A 20 43 4F 4D 4D 4F 44 4F 52 45 20 36 34 20 42 41
         20 20 20 2A 2A 2A 2A 2A 20 20 53 58 2D 36 34 20 42 41 53 49 43 20
         2A 2A 2A 2A 20 43 4F 4D 4D 4F 44 4F 52 45 20 34 30 36 34 20 20 42

  -:     53 49 43 20 56 32 20 2A 2A 2A 2A 0D 0D 20 36 34 4B 20 52 41 4D 20
         53 49 43 20 56 32 20 2A 2A 2A 2A 0D 0D 20 36 34 4B 20 52 41 4D 20
         53 49 43 20 56 32 20 2A 2A 2A 2A 0D 0D 20 36 34 4B 20 52 41 4D 20
         56 32 2E 30 20 20 2A 2A 2A 2A 2A 0D 0D 20 36 34 4B 20 52 41 4D 20
         41 53 49 43 20 56 32 2E 30 20 2A 2A 2A 2A 0D 0D 00 20 20 20 20 20

  -:     53 59 53 54 45 4D 20 20 00 2B
         53 59 53 54 45 4D 20 20 00 5C
         53 59 53 54 45 4D 20 20 00 81
         53 59 53 54 45 4D 20 20 00 B3
         20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 63

  E4AD:  AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA
         48 20 C9 FF AA 68 90 01 8A 60
         48 20 C9 FF AA 68 90 01 8A 60
         48 20 C9 FF AA 68 90 01 8A 60
         48 20 C9 FF AA 68 90 01 8A 60

  E4C8:  AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA
         AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AD 21 D0 91
         AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA 85 A9 A9 01 85 AB 60 AD 86 02 91
         AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA 85 A9 A9 01 85 AB 60 AD 86 02 91
         2C 86 02 30 0A A9 00 A2 0E 9D 20 D0 CA 10 FA 4C AA AA AD 21 D0 91

  -:     AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA
         F3 60 69 02 A4 91 C8 D0 04 C5 A1 D0 F7 60 19 26 44 19 1A 11 E8 0D
         F3 60 69 02 A4 91 C8 D0 04 C5 A1 D0 F7 60 19 26 44 19 1A 11 E8 0D
         F3 60 69 02 A4 91 C8 D0 04 C5 A1 D0 F7 60 19 26 44 19 1A 11 E8 0D
         F3 60 69 02 A4 91 C8 D0 04 C5 A1 D0 F7 60 19 26 44 19 1A 11 E8 0D

  -:     AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA
         70 0C 06 06 D1 02 37 01 AE 00 69 00
         70 0C 06 06 D1 02 37 01 AE 00 69 00
         70 0C 06 06 D1 02 37 01 AE 00 69 00
         70 0C 06 06 D1 02 37 01 AE 00 69 00

  E535:  0E
         0E
         0E
         06
         01

  E57C:  B5 D9 29 03 0D 88 02 85 D2 BD F0 EC 85 D1 A9 27 E8 B4 D9 30 06 18
         B5 D9 29 03 0D 88 02 85 D2 BD F0 EC 85 D1 A9 27 E8 B4 D9 30 06 18
         20 F0 E9 A9 27 E8 B4 D9 30 06 18 69 28 E8 10 F6 85 D5 4C 24 EA E4
         20 F0 E9 A9 27 E8 B4 D9 30 06 18 69 28 E8 10 F6 85 D5 4C 24 EA E4
         20 F0 E9 A9 27 E8 B4 D9 30 06 18 69 28 E8 10 F6 85 D5 4C 24 EA E4

  -:     69 28 E8 10 F6 85 D5 60
         69 28 E8 10 F6 85 D5 60
         C9 F0 03 4C ED E6 60 EA
         C9 F0 03 4C ED E6 60 EA
         C9 F0 03 4C ED E6 60 EA

  E5EF:  09
         09
         09
         0F
         09

  E5F4:  E6 EC
         E6 EC
         E6 EC
         D7 F0
         E6 EC

  E622:  ED E6
         ED E6
         91 E5
         91 E5
         91 E5

  EA07:  A9 20 91 D1 A9 01 91 F3 88 10 F5 60
         A9 20 91 D1 20 DA E4 EA 88 10 F5 60
         20 DA E4 A9 20 91 D1 88 10 F6 60 EA
         20 DA E4 A9 20 91 D1 88 10 F6 60 EA
         A9 20 91 D1 20 DA E4 EA 88 10 F5 60

  ECCA:  1B 00
         9B 37
         9B 37
         9B 37
         9B 37

  ECD2:  00
         0F
         0F
         0F
         0F

  ECD9:  0E 06 01 02 03 04 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
         0E 06 01 02 03 04 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
         0E 06 01 02 03 04 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
         03 01 01 02 03 04 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
         00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

  EF94:  85 A9 60
         85 A9 60
         4C D3 E4
         4C D3 E4
         85 A9 60

  F0D8:  0D 50 52 45 53 53 20 50 4C 41 59 20 4F 4E 20
         0D 50 52 45 53 53 20 50 4C 41 59 20 4F 4E 20
         0D 50 52 45 53 53 20 50 4C 41 59 20 4F 4E 20
         4C 4F 41 44 22 3A 2A 22 2C 38 0D 52 55 4E 0D
         0D 50 52 45 53 53 20 50 4C 41 59 20 4F 4E 20

  F387:  03
         03
         03
         08
         03

  F428:  D0 0B AD 95 02 0A A8 AD 96 02 4C 3F F4 0A AA BD C0 FE 0A A8 BD C1
         F0 1C 0A AA AD A6 02 D0 09 BC C1 FE BD C0 FE 4C 40 F4 BC EB E4 BD
         F0 1C 0A AA AD A6 02 D0 09 BC C1 FE BD C0 FE 4C 40 F4 BC EB E4 BD
         F0 1C 0A AA AD A6 02 D0 09 BC C1 FE BD C0 FE 4C 40 F4 BC EB E4 BD
         F0 1C 0A AA AD A6 02 D0 09 BC C1 FE BD C0 FE 4C 40 F4 BC EB E4 BD

  -:     FE 2A 48 98 69 C8 8D 99 02 68 69 00 8D 9A 02
         EA E4 8C 96 02 8D 95 02 AD 95 02 0A 20 2E FF
         EA E4 8C 96 02 8D 95 02 AD 95 02 0A 20 2E FF
         EA E4 8C 96 02 8D 95 02 AD 95 02 0A 20 2E FF
         EA E4 8C 96 02 8D 95 02 AD 95 02 0A 20 2E FF

  F459:  4C
         20
         20
         20
         20

  F4B7:  7B
         7B
         7B
         F7
         7B

  F5F9:  5F
         5F
         5F
         F7
         5F

  F762:  91 C9 FF F0 FA
         A1 20 E0 E4 EA
         A1 20 E0 E4 EA
         A1 20 E0 E4 EA
         A1 20 E0 E4 EA

  F81F:  2F
         2F
         2F
         2F
         2B

  F82C:  2F
         2F
         2F
         2F
         2B

  FCFC:  18 E5
         5B FF
         5B FF
         5B FF
         5B FF

  FDDD:  A9 1B 8D 04 DC A9 41 8D 05 DC A9 81 8D 0D DC AD 0E DC 29 80 09 11
         AD A6 02 F0 0A A9 25 8D 04 DC A9 40 4C F3 FD A9 95 8D 04 DC A9 42
         AD A6 02 F0 0A A9 25 8D 04 DC A9 40 4C F3 FD A9 95 8D 04 DC A9 42
         AD A6 02 F0 0A A9 25 8D 04 DC A9 40 4C F3 FD A9 95 8D 04 DC A9 42
         AD A6 02 F0 0A A9 25 8D 04 DC A9 40 4C F3 FD A9 95 8D 04 DC A9 42

  -:     8D 0E DC 4C 8E EE
         8D 05 DC 4C 6E FF
         8D 05 DC 4C 6E FF
         8D 05 DC 4C 6E FF
         8D 05 DC 4C 6E FF

  FEC2:  AC 26 A7 19 5D 11 1F 0E A1 0C 1F 06 DD 02 3D 01 B2 00 6C
         C1 27 3E 1A C5 11 74 0E ED 0C 45 06 F0 02 46 01 B8 00 71
         C1 27 3E 1A C5 11 74 0E ED 0C 45 06 F0 02 46 01 B8 00 71
         C1 27 3E 1A C5 11 74 0E ED 0C 45 06 F0 02 46 01 B8 00 71
         C1 27 3E 1A C5 11 74 0E ED 0C 45 06 F0 02 46 01 B8 00 71

  FF08:  93 02 29 0F D0 0C AD 95 02 8D 06 DD AD 96 02 4C 25 FF 0A AA BD C0
         95 02 8D 06 DD AD 96 02 8D 07 DD A9 11 8D 0F DD A9 12 4D A1 02 8D
         95 02 8D 06 DD AD 96 02 8D 07 DD A9 11 8D 0F DD A9 12 4D A1 02 8D
         95 02 8D 06 DD AD 96 02 8D 07 DD A9 11 8D 0F DD A9 12 4D A1 02 8D
         95 02 8D 06 DD AD 96 02 8D 07 DD A9 11 8D 0F DD A9 12 4D A1 02 8D

  -:     FE 8D 06 DD BD C1 FE 8D 07 DD A9 11 8D 0F DD A9 12 4D A1 02 8D A1
         A1 02 A9 FF 8D 06 DD 8D 07 DD AE 98 02 86 A8 60 AA AD 96 02 2A A8
         A1 02 A9 FF 8D 06 DD 8D 07 DD AE 98 02 86 A8 60 AA AD 96 02 2A A8
         A1 02 A9 FF 8D 06 DD 8D 07 DD AE 98 02 86 A8 60 AA AD 96 02 2A A8
         A1 02 A9 FF 8D 06 DD 8D 07 DD AE 98 02 86 A8 60 AA AD 96 02 2A A8

  -:     02 A9 FF 8D 06 DD 8D 07 DD AE 98 02 86 A8 60
         8A 69 C8 8D 99 02 98 69 00 8D 9A 02 60 EA EA
         8A 69 C8 8D 99 02 98 69 00 8D 9A 02 60 EA EA
         8A 69 C8 8D 99 02 98 69 00 8D 9A 02 60 EA EA
         8A 69 C8 8D 99 02 98 69 00 8D 9A 02 60 EA EA

  FF5B:  AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA
         20 18 E5 AD 12 D0 D0 FB AD 19 D0 29 01 8D A6 02 4C DD FD A9 81 8D
         20 18 E5 AD 12 D0 D0 FB AD 19 D0 29 01 8D A6 02 4C DD FD A9 81 8D
         20 18 E5 AD 12 D0 D0 FB AD 19 D0 29 01 8D A6 02 4C DD FD A9 81 8D
         20 18 E5 AD 12 D0 D0 FB AD 19 D0 29 01 8D A6 02 4C DD FD A9 81 8D

  -:     AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA
         0D DC AD 0E DC 29 80 09 11 8D 0E DC 4C 8E EE
         0D DC AD 0E DC 29 80 09 11 8D 0E DC 4C 8E EE
         0D DC AD 0E DC 29 80 09 11 8D 0E DC 4C 8E EE
         0D DC AD 0E DC 29 80 09 11 8D 0E DC 4C 8E EE

  FF80:  AA
         00
         03
         43
         64

  FF82:  18 E5
         53 FF
         53 FF
         53 FF
         53 FF

  FFF8:  42 59
         42 59
         42 59
         42 59
         00 00


   9.2 Commodore 128 BASIC ROM versions.

  Below is information on differences between the Commodore 128
  BASIC releases 1985 and 1986.

  Format for list:

  Address: 1985 release
           1986 release

  41F0:  35
         36

  4D70:  8E 0C 12
         20 D1 7E

  5C87:  8F 5C
         8E 7E

  5ED7:  C8 D0 F8 E6 62 E6 27 AD 11 12 C5 27 B0 ED
         E6 61 D0 02 E6 62 20 94 7E 90 F0 EA EA EA

  5EF8:  4C 37 4D
         60 00 00

  5F02:  0C
         2E

  66A5:  8D 57 11 08 A2 23 20 4A 9D 28 B0 11 AD 54 11 8D
         B0 11 AD 54 11 8d 56 11 AD 55 11 24 D8 10 04 0E

  66B7:  AD 55 11 24 D8 10 04 0E 56 11 2A 8D 57 11
         2A 8D 57 11 A2 23 20 4A 9D EA EA EA EA EA

  6839:  8D 92
         82 7E

  6845:  0C C0
         88 7E

  6860:  0C C0
         88 7E

  6F45:  BD 05 70
         20 A6 7E

  6FF9:  2F B6 83 99 FC D1 BD 25 EF 20 BE D1 4C 50 55 5A 5F 65 6B 72 78 80
         0F 0C 45 BF 7D 83 D6 79 73 C7 7C 97 43 47 4B 4F 54 59 5E 64 6A 70

  -:     87 8F
         77 7E

  7A31:  B7 FF
         51 92

  7E82:  FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF
         20 45 A8 4C F0 FF 20 45 A8 4C 0C C0 20 8F 5C 4C 86 03 E6 26 D0 02

  -:     FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF
         E6 27 38 A5 26 ED 10 12 A5 27 ED 11 12 60 2C 03 0A 30 04 BD 05 70

  -:     FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF
         60 BD B9 7E 8D 2D 12 BD C5 7E 60 9C BF 22 C8 B4 EB 71 4C 7F 12 08

  -:     FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF
         68 45 49 4E 52 57 5C 62 68 6E 75 7C 83 8E 0C 12 A2 1B 86 18 60

  7FC0:  FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF
         28 43 29 31 39 38 36 20 43 4F 4D 4D 4F 44 4F 52 45 20 45 4C 45 43

  -:     FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF
         54 52 4F 4E 49 43 53 2C 20 4C 54 44 2E 20 41 4C 4C 20 52 49 47 48

  -:     FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF
         54 53 20 52 45 53 45 52 56 45 44 2E

  7FFC:  FF FF 00 4C
         EF 8D 01 61

  8323:  10
         08

  839C:  10
         08

  8A3C:  55
         5B

  8A4B:  55
         5B

  8A57:  38
         EA

  98BB:  38 6E 25 01
         20 6E AA EA

  9F18:  12 88
         C0 6D

  A153:  38 4C 75 92
         EA 4C B2 A3

  AA6E:  FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF
         20 D3 42 C9 2C D0 07 AD 33 01 20 EB 98 C8 38 6E 25 01 60

  BFC0:  FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF
         28 43 29 31 39 38 36 20 43 4F 4D 4D 4F 44 4F 52 45 20 45 4C 45 43

  -:     FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF
         54 52 4F 4E 49 43 53 2C 20 4C 54 44 2E 20 41 4C 4C 20 52 49 47 48

  -:     FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF
         54 53 20 52 45 53 45 52 56 45 44 2E

  BFFC:  FF FF 00 3A
         C8 CD 01 C5

+ ===================================================================


  Appendices:

     The things that don't really belong in the body of the faq, such as:

  A. Reviews:

     Lengthier comments about particular emulators, as they come to hand.
     These may, or may not, be "biased"!  You are invited to add to or
     correct what is here.

+    1. PC64
     2. A64 V3
     3. C64S (commercial)
     4. PlaySID V3.0
     5. C64S File Manager
+    6. PC64 vs C64S

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+    1. PC64
 
+     This review was deleted at the request of the emulator author, as it
+     contained outdated information.  He has, however, provided some
+     additional information for the Q&A section.  A "new" review would be most
+     welcome!


+ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
      2. A64 V3.

      Review 1:

         Review by:
            James O. Shank Jr.     HEE!      v131p9t3@ubvms.cc.buffalo.edu
            AKA: Ninstar Cybermage  I  or    shank@acsu.buffalo.edu
            Black Phoenix Rising... A  or    aa247@freenet.acsu.buffalo.edu

            as posted in comp.sys.cbm, 16 Jun 1994.


  I've recently had the opportunity to play around with a copy of A64 V3.

  I've found that alot of programs run.  Not necessarily as well as on a c64,
  and slow, but alot more programs work than under version 2.  On the other
  hand, some programs which worked fine under version 2 (times of lore, for
  example) do not work under version 3 because the graphics emulation, though
  faster, does not handle multiple graphics banks very well.  Those of you who
  know alot about graphics are going "Uh-Oh" right now, but the problem doesn't
  seem to appear in all that many programs.  One thing I've noticed is that the
  graphics Emulation runs a bit slower than the rest of the emulator at times, 
  which means that if you play something very complicated, like a flight 
  simulator, the input will be processed faster than the graphics, meaning that 
  you can make a 90 degree angle turn between two frames.

  The convert software can solve alot of these problems by skipping the middle
  man where processing is concerned, and speeding up things by letting the
  Amiga do the work without the emulations help.  It basically looks for the
  densest blocks of code and converts them into Amiga assembly language.
  Whenever the program tries to emulate a block that was translated, it
  executes the Amiga block instead.  Under V2, this was a long and complicated
  process that most people lacked the expertise to perform, as you had to
  search through the assembly language yourself and tell the computer which
  blocks it had to convert.  Under version 3, the entire process is automated,
  allowing you to load a memory map, tell the computer to convert it, and
  watch it go.  I like the results I've had thus far, though I lack the
  memory(stock amiga 600) to do any large programs.  The code files tend to
  be large.  

  The sound emulation is much better.  Under version 2, you needed an
  accelerated machine to get decent sound and often the sound was horrible
  anyway.  Under V3, the sound is still distorted by speed at times, but the
  tones and sounds are mostly right on the money.  If the program doesn't do
  a great deal of other processing, the sound is nearly perfect.  Sidplayer,
  for example, was great, running almost up to speed with graphics and at
  speed without.  Sidplayer can run at speed with graphics on if you boost
  the CIA rate, but occasionally the graphics will cause timing problems
  which make a note last a little too long or too short, etc.

  Advice:  Run A64 on an accelerated machine if possible.  Though it is
  possible to get enjoyment from games on a slower machine if you fiddle with
  the settings long enough and use convert, having an accelerated machine will
  make your life easier.  If you're going to be using C64 roms and converting
  alot, then you may want to pick up an extra Meg of Memory.  2 Meg should be
  enough, though you can emulate the ram expanders if you have 3 or four 8-).
  (one Meg ram disk on a C64, who would have thought 8-) ).


      Review 2:

  From: korczyns@oasys.dt.navy.mil (Joseph Korczynski)
  Newsgroups: comp.sys.amiga.reviews
  Subject: REVIEW: The A64 Package, version 3.0
  Date: 11 May 1994 19:29:31 GMT

  REVIEW

   The A64 Package is a hardware and software product.  The hardware
  consists of a small box which has a male DB25 and 8 pin DIN connectors along
  with some special circuitry.  This box connects to your parallel port and
  allows you to connect Commodore 8-bit serial peripherals such as the 15XX
  series disk drives and printers.  NEVER PLUG THE INTERFACE INTO YOUR AMIGA
  WHILE THE AMIGA IS TURNED ON.  You could damage your Amiga and peripherals
  by doing so.  If you have an Amiga 1000 you will require an additional cable
  specifically made to connect A500/2000 devices to an A1000 parallel port.
  The hardware interface can stay plugged in at all times without interfering
  with any programs on your Amiga as long as they do not use the parallel
  port.  If you want to use your parallel port with some other pieces of
  hardware like a printer or digitizer, you must either remove the hardware
  interface and install the other device or use an A-B switch box (Centronics
  parallel with female connectors).

   The software is a collection of Amiga programs which lets you access
  and run C64 software. The main program, A64, is the Commodore 64 emulator.
  The other programs allow you to transfer files between the C64 and Amiga
  disks (with 15XX disk drives).

   After you install The A64 Package and run the A64 program, you will
  notice that the BASIC startup screen is different from that of a real C64.
  This is because the Commodore 64 ROMs (two computer chips located inside a
  real C64 which contain the operating system) are not present in A64.  The C64
  ROMs are not included because they are copyrighted by Commodore. The A64
  contains a complete C64 ROM emulation which allows A64 to run most C64
  programs. A64 ROM emulation is very compatible with the C64 ROMs, but there
  may be some C64 programs that will not run because of the lack of real C64
  ROMs. The A64 Package utilities includes a C64 BASIC program which can be
  transferred to a real C64 via a 15XX disk drive connected to the A64
  hardware interface. This program when run on the C64 will dump the C64 ROMs
  to a file which can then be transferred back to the Amiga and used in the
  A64 emulation.

   A64 is a complete Commodore 64 emulator. Sound, graphics, BASIC and
  machine language are all emulated. A64 fully integrates with the Amiga by
  allowing you to use Amiga disk drives, hard drives, ram drives, printers and
  modems.

   A64 operates in two modes:  Pause Mode and C64 Mode.  When in Pause
  Mode, you have access to the A64 Prefs (preferences) and A64Mon (machine
  language monitor). The current C64 program that A64 is running will be
  paused. Pause Mode gives you complete access to the Amiga system, and
  multitasking is completely functional. The C64 Mode runs the C64 program. In
  C64 mode you do not have access to the Amiga system.  Multitasking is not
  disabled, but A64 controls a majority of the Amiga system.  To enter Pause
  mode from C64 Mode, press the two ALT keys simultaneously.

   A64 emulation speed will depend on the program you are running and
  the type of microprocessor that your Amiga uses. On 68000 based Amigas, A64
  is not capable of running all programs at usable speed. Accelerated Amigas
  can see emulation speeds over 300%.  Most games will not run over 100% no
  matter how fast your Amiga is.

   I've done most of my evaluation of A64 with public domain software.
  I have been able to run everything I can throw at it. I do enjoy browsing
  the ABCUG user group monthly C64 public domain program disk.

   A great deal of effort was spent trying to make the A64 as
  compatible as possible. The biggest problem with compatibility is related to
  disk I/O and custom disk drive routines. Custom disk drive routines "Fast
  Loaders" are extremely time critical and must run at exactly 100% speed in
  order to function properly. "Fast Loaders" vary from program to program. The
  only way to emulate "Fast Loaders" is to write a custom loader for each
  program which is impossible since there are hundreds of variations. A64 V3.0
  supports some "Fast Loaders" using Patch Files. There are Patch Files for
  ISEPICed archived programs, SID/PIC V3.4, SIDPlayer, and GEOS.  (GEOS is
  supported only on 68000 Amigas and 1541/1571 disk drives because of the
  time-critical nature of the GEOS operating system.)

   One method of speeding up A64 emulation is to convert the C64
  program from 6510 opcodes to 68000 opcodes. This has the potential to double
  your emulation speed. This is accomplished with a utility called "CONVERT".
  The CONVERT utility converts C64 machine language into Amiga machine
  language. This conversion process eliminates a lot of work the A64 has do
  while running the emulation.

   A64Tools is the file transfer and file conversion utility. It allows
  you to copy, convert and print files using any combination of Amiga and C64
  disk drives and printers. Text files can easily be converted between
  PetASCII and ASCII. Amiga drives only support PRG and SEQ files under A64
  emulation. ":" and "/" are illegal characters for Amiga filenames. When
  A64Tools encounters on of these characters in a filename, the character will
  automatically be changed to a "-".

   As an original A64 V2.0 registered user, I am impressed with the
  enhanced SID chip support, increased speed and compatibility. I also welcome
  the addition of Patch Files for "Fast Loader" support along with support for
  GEOS. It was worth the $25 upgrade fee.

  DOCUMENTATION

   Documentations consists of a professionally printed softbound
  manual. It has an extensive index and table of contents.  The manual assumes
  that you are familiar with the basic operation of the Amiga and the terms
  used to describe it. The manual also assumes you are familiar with the basic
  use of the Commodore 64.

  LIKES AND DISLIKES

   I like the professionally bound manual. 
   I like the patch file support.
   I like the improved SID support.

   I dislike the software not working in native AGA graphic mode.

   I would like to see 1581 emulation using native Amiga disk drives.

  CONCLUSIONS

   I enjoy the ability to emulate other computers. As Newsletter Editor
  the ABCUG user group which supports the Amiga and Commodore 64/128 computer
  users, I find A64 a valuable tool for reviewing C64 public domain software
  and writing tutorials for the monthly newsletter. Understanding the
  limitations of software emulation, I give this product **** (4 out of 5
  stars).

  COPYRIGHT NOTICE

   Copyright 1994 Joseph F. Korczynski.  All rights reserved.



+ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
      3. C64S commercial.

         Reviews by:
         1. Paul David Doherty (h0142kdd@fx2800.rz.hu-berlin.de)
               As posted in comp.emulators.cbm,4 Jul 1994.
         2. Robert Rusbasan (rrusbasa@nyx10.cs.du.edu)
               As posted in comp.emulators.cbm, 20 Jun 1994.

  Review 1. by Paul David Doherty.

   I have spent an hour testing software which didn't work with the
   0.9x versions of C64S, and none of them works with the 1.0c
   demo version, so I'd say that compatibility has not improved much.
   There are lots of cosmetic changes, but the emulator core seems
   to be the same as in the 0.9 versions.
   
   Some games I have tested:
   - Fahrenheit 451 (with copy protection AND fastloader removed)
       = doesn't work
   - Critical Mass (adventure) = the graphics are still messed up, no
       matter whether I chose NTSC or PAL mode
   - Masquerade = still doesn't show the pictures
   
   A new feature (?) seems to be a requester "CPU JAM AT ... : PRESS ANY KEY"
   which pops up with some games (Mask of the Sun, Amnesia) instead of
   crashing the emulator.  However, C64S still crashes pretty often (and
   this means that neither will CTRL-ALT-INS reset the emulator, nor will
   you be able to leave it with CTRL-PAUSE, nor will you be able to reset
   your PC with CTRL-ALT-DEL!  The only way out is the reset button.) 
   This never happens with MC64/C64NEU, and it's a shame that Miha wasn't
   able to fix it.  (As a rule of thumb, whenever "DISK IO" appears in
   the lower right corner of the screen you can press the reset button :-)
   
   Games which crashed totally in the above described way:
   - Infocom games (only if you use the fastloader)
   - Buckaroo Banzai
   - Fantastic Four (if you use the fastloader)
   - Lane Mastodon (and the other InfoComics)
   
   To put it straight, I don't expect C64S to support fastloaders (yet), but 
   it shouldn't crash and lock up the PC.  Besides, some of the games that
   don't work run flawlessly on MC64 (Lane Mastodon, Fahrenheit 451), so
   it's not just a fast loader issue.
   
   All in all, I'm not terribly impressed.  If others found significant



  Review 2. by Robert Rusbasan.


  Although I have generally preferred the C64NEU emulator, I got my tax
  return today and thought I'd call Seattle Lab and give them a chance
  to talk me into getting their commercial version of C64S.

  I was generally pleased with what I heard.

  The person I talked with seemed competent enough.  When I told him that
  I had been impressed but also frustrated by the public version of C64S
  that Miha had released, he assured me that they have made a *lot* of
  changes.  He said the pre-beta releases and the commercial release
  were "like night and day".

  I told him that I couldn't get my analog joystick to work, and the keyboard
  joystick emulation only seems to make sense to the author since I have yet
  to run across anyone that likes it.  He replied that the analog joystick
  support has been radically improved, and that you can map the joystick to
  any keys you want in the commercial release.

  He said that it supports limited disk protection schemes, and they are going
  to continue to work on this.

  I whined that I and others have been unable to get any kind of response
  from Miha and asked if they planned to support the product.  He told
  me they are going to have *strong* support for it, including phone, fax,
  email, and an ftp site!  I asked if the ftp site was up now, and he said
  it sure was.  You can access it at as.seattlelab.wa.com (204.29.31.1).
  Since it is very new, you might have to use the IP address.

  So far they only have the docs at the ftp site, but the list of enhancements
  indicates that there may indeed be some merit to the "night and day" claim.
  In particular, the sound and timing seems to have been improved.  It
  seems you don't have to guess at the speed anymore, since you can set it to
  run at the original Commodore 64 speed, as fast as possible, or at a custom
  speed.  Version 0.9 basically just gave you the custom speed and let you try
  to match the C64's original speed.  Unfortunately, the docs still list
  Miha's email addresses as the source of email support.  I assume that is
  out of date and they will have a Seattle Lab address soon.

  He also told me that there *will* be a new shareware version of the product
  out soon, and it will be put on the ftp site.  That is a very smart move,
  in my opinion, because currently the people who found the program floating
  around have no way of knowing about the commercial version at all.

  I decided to go for it, which got me a bit of negative news.  Right now
  they only ship COD, which adds $5 and brings the price to $60.  He told
  me that they'll be able to take credit card payment shortly and offered
  to put my name on a list and call me when they could process my order
  that way, but I told him to go ahead and ship it COD.

  If anyone wants to take the plunge now, here is the order info:

  Seattle Lab
  214 1st St.
  Kirkland, WA 98033
  (206) 828-9001 (Voice)
  (206) 828-9011 (Fax)
  $55.00

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
      4. PlaySID.

  Short:    Version 3.0 of the famous SID emulator
  Author:   rbk@ios.se (Ron Birk)
  Uploader: kunath@informatik.uni-muenchen.de (Peter Kunath)
  Type:     mus/play


  NEW FEATURES:

     V3.0 (1994)

     * Uses PLAYSID.LIBRARY (please read separate docs)
     * Support of XPK Data Compression
     * Realtime waveform and envelope display (uses low priority task)
     * Shows C64 pictures (Koala, Blazing Paddles, Doodle, Adv Art Studio etc.)
     * TV System detection and selection
     * Channel on/off selection
     * PlaySID is now a commodity
     * Uses a config file for settings
     * Multifile selection (music and pictures)
     * Ability to show and hide PlaySID windows
     * Second PlaySID instance redirect modules to the running one
     * PlaySID font removed
     * More arexx commands
     * Many major bugs corrected


  PRODUCT INFO:

     This is a utility which uses the playsid.library to emulate the SID
     and 6510 chip. The SID chip is the component in the C64 computer that
     handles sound. The 6510 chip is the CPU of the C64, that means the
     component that actually executes all programs. Because the Amiga
     does not have these chips and others, you can't run C64 programs
     directly on Amiga.

     Now this utility lets you play all those C64 programs that produce
     sound. As you probably know, the C64 has three sound channels (the
     amiga has four). But this utility also allows use of the fourth
     channel. This channel is the product of some special programming on
     the C64, it isn't really a channel.

     The purpose of this product is to make the best conversion of C64
     sound on Amiga ever possible. If you think some sound isn't correctly
     converted please let us know.

     This utility is designed to work with true multitasking, under any
     system version and any amiga model. It can be run from both Workbench
     and CLI/Shell. It should work with any other program that don't use
     sound or timing. If this isn't the fact please let us know.

     Some time ago we released a similar product called "The 100 most
     remembered C64 game-tunes". This product is the version 3.0 of that
     program. The tunes on that demonstration disk are now also available
     to this version. And up to date there are more than 400 tunes
     available. We and others are also working with more.

+ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
      5. C64S File Manager.

  Commodore 64S File Manager Version 1.0 (C) 1994 John Risby
  ===========================================================

  In this first version of the file manager, only one feature is implemented. 
  This lets you list your C64S tapes in a scrolling window with a description
  of the Game, i.e:-

  Attack the the Mutant Camels
  Archon
  Galaga
  Sanxion
  Zolyx

  You can then scroll up and down and when you select the highlighted game
  by pressing RETURN, the file associated with it is copied onto testtape.t64
  and C64S is run. 

  This saves having to constantly manualy copy files in able to use the
  shareware version of C64S.

  If I feel it is worth it, or I get requests, I may add mouse support,
  disk support, automatic entry of games etc... Then again you may all just 
  say, "Hey, I've got my own batch file, why do I wanna use a 20K program?!".
  Whatever, I like it.

  INSTALLATION
  ============

  1) Copy the file FM64.EXE to your C64S directory.

  2) Create a file called FM64.INI using your favourite text editor and enter
     your games as follows :-

     #Attack of the Mutant Camels
     aoftmc.t64  
     #Archon
     archon.t64  
     #Bounces
     bounces.t64 
     #Burning Rubber
     burnrubb.t64 

     The lines preceded by # are the descriptions of the games. The next line
     must contain the filename of the game. A sample INI file is included and
     is called SAMPLE.INI.

  3) Backup testtape.t64 by typing :-
 
     copy testtape.t64 backup.t64

  Help and Support
  ================

  This has only been tested on my system, by me, with c64s01cd.zip so in effect
  this is a beta release. Hopefully there won't be any problems but if there
  are I would very much like to hear from you.

  If you need any help or further information regarding the file manager, or you
  want to suggest any improvements, report bugs, criticize or just chat, feel
  free to contact me by email: john@enville.demon.co.uk

  DISCLAIMER
  ==========

  Ok now for the legal crap.

  This version of the File manager is released into the public domain on
  15/9/94 by John Risby (john@enville.demon.co.uk). The File Manager is
  provided as-is WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, either express or implied, including
  but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness
  for a particular purpose. You use this program at your own risk.

+ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  6. PC64 vs C64S.

+     Article by Jeremy Blackman, AKA Ranma Saotome <ranma@eskimo.com>
+     in comp.emulators.cbm, 18 Feb '95.

+ Q:I am thinking about buying a C64 emulator, but I need some advice which
+   C64 emulator to buy, the PC64 or the C64s? All the emulators on net are
+   demos, and do not work completely, isn't that so? Or do they work just
+   fine? I would appreciate any help. 

+ A:Someone oughta put together a small FAQ on these emulators.  If no one 
+   else has, I suppose I could.
+   (What's this, chopped liver? :)

+   * Both C64S (my personal choice, cause PC64 don't support GUS for sound)
+     and PC64 have ALMOST fully working demo versions.  The limitations are
+     that on C64S you cannot use an analog joystick until you register, you
+     must use keyboard controls to simulate a joystick, and on PC64 you 
+     cannot use a joystick, nor can you access directly off a Commodore drive,
+     which you can in the registered version.

+   TO compare the two:

+   * C64S is nice in that it supports GUS, which none of the others do 
+     (hey, PC64 person...hint hint hint <grin>).  It has a fairly easy-to-
+     understand setup and interface, and overall works fairly well.
+     I have run across a few games that don't work on it, for example,
+     I cannot get the T64 of "Pharoah's Curse" to run on C64S, any version,
+     though it runs on PC64.  C64S also supports .D64 disk images, which is
+     very nice.  This allows you to use games which require swapping disks,
+     like Adventure Construction Set, the Last Ninja (hey, why does this game
+     die after the first level?), Racing Destruction Set, etc.

+   * PC64 has a much less intuitive interface, but many more options.  I 
+     particular like the option of using some of the alternative ROM set
+     images, such as the 64SX image and the EXOSV3 images.  (I've almost got
+     a copy of EXOSV3 hacked into C64S...<grin>...little side project.  It
+     sometimes crashes however, so I'm working on it).  It however only
+     supports Soundblaster, where C64S also supports GUS.  It also refuses
+     to acknowledge a GUS in SB mode, and also refuses to work off the SB
+     clones (sound16a) in the other machine here.  So for sound, C64S wins
+     hands down.  This emulator has shown more success in loading certain 
+     games, but due to the lack of support for .D64 type disk images, it can
+     be a _REAL_ pain to run multidisk games, or games that require saved
+     data disks.  I current have written a program to take a .D64 and extract
+     it into a directory so you can use the Manager for PC64 to set up 
+     subdirectories to fake the disk sides.  Unfortunately, some games check
+     the disk volume label, and PC64 automatically has the volume label be
+     the DOS drive and path.  So it cannot run some of these games.

+   * I have not played with C64NEU, though I will, so I cannot give a review
+     or info on it.

+   * Neither C64S nor PC64 can load Fastloader games at the present time, 
+     though there ARE programs out there to shut off Fastloader support.
+     (I had one for use on my C64 since I had a Super Snapshot cartridge
+      which was very much faster than any of those fastloaders, and it 
+      could conflict).  Unfortunately, I have not seen any of these
+     programs put out as D64 or T64 or P00 files.

+   * PC64 appears to have support for cartridge images, but I'm not sure.
+     (Could someone confirm or deny this?)  If it does, it'd be nice if
+      someone could take an image of the Super Snapshot cartridge...

+   * It is possible to get VIC chip problems, such as flickering (try MULE,
+     leave it on the title screen long enough and the credits begin to flicker,
+     and Realm of Impossiblity loses the stat bar to static on rare occasions)
+     on C64S.  I have not managed to get these errors on PC64, and the video
+     refresh is sometimes smoother.  I have a 486DX2/66 before you ask, and 
+     local bus video.  I am running under MSDOS, not Linux.  I didn't feel like
+     playing with Dosemu. <grin>  

+   In summary - I like C64S's simplicity of interface, and it wins by far on 
+   disk system since it supports those D64 images (though it'd be nice to 
+   have support for multiple disk drives, so you could select a disk image 
+   for drive 8, one for 9, etc...) and it wins by far on sound since it 
+   supports GUS.  PC64 has more power, with the ROM set options, the Charset 
+   and Basic options (hey, I want some of those enhanced basic sets, anyone 
+   got an image?), but I have not gotten sound to work and I don't like the 
+   disk system as much, though the ability to set up multiple drives is very 
+   nice.

+   PC64 has much more expandability, since it can use those ROM images (hey, 
+   anyone got a ROM image of the Commodore 65DX?  I have the support and 
+   demo disks for it, and I'd love to play with the thing...I somehow doubt 
+   the hardware was 100% compatible, though.).  C64S is the easier one to 
+   get up, running, and playing games with.

+   So, for the moment, I leave both on.  PC64 is for playing with hacking 
+   around on, and C64S is for the games.  Again, I know there is a third one 
+   out, C64NEU, but I haven't played with it at all.
+   
+   Any further questions about experiences/testing whatever can come to me 
+   via e-mail, any suggestions for the FAQ if I am gonna be the one to write 
+   it as well, and major technical questions go to the people who wrote the 
+   emulators, so they can spend all their time answering mail instead of 
+   writing the next emulator versions.

+   Oh, lastly on another note - does anyone know about contacting Seattle 
+   Labs to be a full beta tester?  As I live in Seattle, it'd be nice to 

   ========================================================================
-- 
| You are now the proud recipient of a genuine Ralphey .sig! Gomez/Menace |
| Accept no imitations!  Keeper of the comp.emulators.cbm.FAQ!!           |
| R.Alphey@dce.vic.gov.au : Ph. +61-3-651-3057  Fax +61-3-651-4073        |
-- 
| You are now the proud recipient of a genuine Ralphey .sig! Gomez/Menace |
| Accept no imitations!  Keeper of the comp.emulators.cbm.FAQ!!           |
| R.Alphey@dce.vic.gov.au : Ph. +61-3-651-3057  Fax +61-3-651-4073        |











